Which theory focuses on the present and on avoiding complaints, total behavior, and non-judgmental specifics to help people reconnect?

• A. Cognitive Theory
• B. Behaviorism Theory
• C. Reality/Choice Theory
• D. Existential Theory

Answer: (C)

Focusing on present choices and using total behavior with nonjudgmental language to help people reconnect is a hallmark of Reality/Choice Theory. This approach, developed by Glasser, centers on what people do and decide in the here and now rather than dwelling on the past. Behavior is seen as chosen to satisfy basic needs, and it is composed of four interrelated parts—acting, thinking, feeling, and physiological responses—together forming total behavior. By describing current actions in a nonjudgmental way, individuals can see how their choices affect their connections with others and choose new strategies that improve those relationships. The ultimate aim is to reconnect with others in ways that more effectively meet needs such as belonging, power, freedom, fun, and survival. Cognitive theory would emphasize changing thoughts, behaviorism focuses on observable actions and reinforcement, and existential theory centers on meaning and authenticity, but none align as directly with this present-focused, reconnection-driven framework.