Which theory emphasizes cognitive processes such as thinking and judging?

• A. Existential Theory
• B. Adlerian Theory
• C. Cognitive Theory
• D. Behaviorism Theory

Answer: (C)

Cognition, the mental processes of thinking, judging, and interpreting experiences, is the focus here. This theory holds that our thoughts about events shape our emotions and behavior, so changing the way we think can change how we feel and act. In practice, it zeroes in on internal processes—beliefs, assumptions, and automatic thoughts—and uses strategies to challenge distorted thinking and reframe interpretations. By contrast, existential approaches emphasize meaning, freedom, and authentic choice; Adlerian theory centers on social connectedness and a sense of belonging; behaviorism concentrates on observable actions and learned responses. So the emphasis on thinking and judging makes cognitive theory the best fit.